The Transformation Of Gfp And E. Coli As A Result Of Pglo

THE TRANSFORMATION OF GFP AND E. COLI AS A RESULT OF pGLO INTRODUCTION One of the most imperative functions in maintaining the development of evolution is the frequency of genetic transformation: the injection of foreign DNA into another organism’s DNA. This term is defined by the actions of a vector, but more specifically by the actions of plasmids and phages. However, in this experiment we are primarily focused on the effect of the pGLO plasmid transformation of GFP on the E. coli bacteria by introducing a second chromosome or a plethora of cloned plasmids. (Bassiri 2011) The pGLO plasmid will transform the E. coli bacteria with a gene called GFP that codes for the Green Fluorescent Protein in the genetic code. GFP was discovered in the jellyfish, Aequorea victoria as a green fluorescent light emitted from the jellyfish. It was typically seen in the dark upon its activation and since then has been used in studies relating to genetic transformation. (Chalfie and Tu 1994) The majority of the studies test the many different factors that are requi red in the transformation of pGLO which will determine the functionality of GFP in the E.coli bacterium. The first experiment in transforming GFP and E. coli was completed in 1994 by Chalfie and was further refined the same year. The experiment proved the importance of using restriction enzymes, and DNA ligase in the process of transforming GFP to identify arabinose as the primary activator, and to identify the ampicillinShow MoreRelatedGenetic Transformation Of E. Coli1166 Words   |  5 PagesGENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF E. COLI WITH pGLO AS A VECTOR USING THE HEAT SHOCK METHOD Katelyn Brown, L07 Introduction: Escherichia coli is a small, usually harmless bacterium that commonly resides in human intestines. First discovered by Theodor Escherich in 1885, it has become a widely used organism in the science world. It is especially efficient in scientific experiments because it grows easily and quickly in a stimulating environment, is usually harmless, and is very easy to obtain (Berg 2004)Read MoreBacteria Transformation in Biotechnology Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract Some bacteria are able to go through transformation making new combinations of genes. Transformation is a way of gene variability in bacteria. This experiment is based on the transformation mechanism of bacteria and gene regulation. The bacteria used for the experiment was Escherichia coli and the genes introduces for the transformation were: gfp and bla by a pGLOâ„ ¢ plasmid. After the insertion of the target genes and growing the bacteria on specialized LB media, it could be seen that theRead MoreA Summary On Pglo Pig Slurry 1506 Words   |  7 Pages pGLO Pig Slurry Ana Chiman Frank Alfano L13 11/19/15 Abstract pGLO is a plasmid that contains several genes, araC, gfp,bla, and an ori of replication. E. coli was artificially induced that became a competent bacteria when it took the pGLO DNA, so it had the ability to have ampicillin resistance and fluoresced when arabinose was present. Two tubes with E. coli were labeled to differentiate which tube the pGLO was added to, then through several steps theRead MoreTransformation Of Escherichia Coli With pGLO Plasmid1560 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Transformation Of Escherichia Coli With pGLO Plasmid April 24, 2013 ABSTRACT: This experiment focuses on genetic engineering and transformation of bacteria. The characteristics of bacteria are altered from an external source to allow them to express a new trait, in this case antibiotic resistance. In is experiment foreign DNA is inserted into Escherichia coli in order to alter its phenotype. The goal of the experiment is to transform E. coli with pGLO plasmid, which carries a gene forRead MoreBacterial Transformation ( Escherichia Coli )1050 Words   |  5 Pages Bacterial Transformation (Escherichia coli) Kadian Jones Dr. F. Redway BIO 104- Lab 3 November 11, 2014 Introduction According to Medicine.net (2012), genetic transformation is a process by which the genetic material carried by an individual cell is altered by the incorporation of foreign/exogenous DNA into its genome. Competent cells are able to accept DNA presented by experimental influence or manipulation, and the application of genetic engineering with bacteria can aid inRead MoreCode Green Fluorescent in Bacteria1169 Words   |  5 PagesTransformation is an insertion of a gene into an organism in order to change or add certain traits to the organism. Bacteria transformation is a natural process that bacteria have evolved in order to take up free DNA from their environment. Today’s lab, we are transforming bacteria with a gene that code for green fluorescent protein (GFP) Our purpose for this lab is to demonstrate how bacteria transformation performs in different conditions. The results we got form this experiment is that E.coliRead MoreLara Guvelioglu. Bi 108 E2. Nahomie Rodriguez-S astre. 04/13/17.1632 Words   |  7 PagesEscherichia coli’s Genetic Transformation Using Vector Plasmid DNA pGLO Abstract The field of biotechnology involves the concept of genetic engineering, altering the DNA/genetic material of an organism using information from a different one. The process in which bacteria can obtain this manipulated genetic information from another source is called genetic transformation. The goal of this experiment was to genetically transform Escherichia coli bacteria’s DNA by inserting the vector pGLO plasmid which codesRead MoreBacterial Transformation Is The Process Of Transferring Bacteria1172 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Æ' Introduction: Bacterial transformation is the process of transferring bacteria. This begins with genetic transformation where genes transfer from an organism to another with the help of plasmid. Plasmid contains one or more piece of DNA within bacteria. This technique is used commonly in technology specifically designed for biology usage to enhance the culture around with positive results. It is also used to solve common world problems, such as human insulin and drought resistant crops. In thisRead MoreA Experiment On Bacterial Transformation Essay1710 Words   |  7 Pageswas to attempt bacterial transformation, and alter the initial plasmid of DNA to one that expressed GFP, and was therefore able to glow under the UV light. The methodology we used to complete this process was bacterial transformation which is a widely used method where foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterium, which can then amplify, or clone the DNA. Our results were that there was growth on all of the plates except for the -pGLO plate with LB and ampicillin. The results for the fluorescence ofRead MoreGenetic Transformation Of Genetic Dna877 Words   |  4 PagesGenetic transformation occurs when an organism’s genetic makeup is altered due to the introduction of new genetic information which is then incorporated into the organism’s genome. In this lab the pGLO plasmid is introduced into E. Coli bacteria, and incorporates the genes which code for the GFP and beta lactamase to the bacteria’s genome which as a result will be modified. To test the effects of the plasmid, bacteria treated with the plasmid were grown on separate plates, the first containing LB

Understanding General Anxiety Disorder And Cognitive...

Nina Haber Understanding General Anxiety Disorder and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Nina Haber Hunter College, The City University of New York As many as 4% of the US population have symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in any given year, and ~6% at some time during their lives (Comer 2004.) This disorder is a personality disorder that literally takes over someone’s life. It interferes with social, occupational, and other areas of important daily functioning. In order to meet the criteria for being diagnosed with GAD, a person must have had continuous anxiety and worry that lasts for at least 6 months. It is very difficult for the individual to control the anxiety and the worry that they are experiencing. This†¦show more content†¦When it is found in children, which is rare, it is usually anxiety and worry about their competence or how they are preforming in their lives. For each individual, the worry and anxiety may shift from one concern to another. There are many different interpretations of this disorder based on different type of psychological theories. The different viewpoints include sociocu ltural perspective, psychodynamic perspective, humanistic perspective, cognitive perspective, and biological perspective, though the most influential in the treatment of GAD are the biological and cognitive perspectives. The cognitive perspective often describe psychological problems as dysfunctional ways of thinking. There are many cognitive symptoms but one major one includes excessive worry which is a key characteristic of GAD. One assumption is the maladaptive assumption. One psychologist, Albert Ellis, discussed that many people are guided by irrational beliefs which leads them to act in irrational ways. He called them basically irrational assumptions, and included that many individuals with generalized anxiety disorder have these irrational assumptions. One includes â€Å"It is awful and catastrophic when things are not the way one would very much like them to be.† So when a person with these irrational assumptions are faced with situations that are stressful they inter pret them as dangerous and they tend to worry excessively for no reason. Another psychologist, Aaron Back, discuss

A Healthy Family Questionnaire Free Essays

What types of drinks do you usually have during the day and night? I will usually have one bottle of soda half way through the day. The rest of the day is water. How often does your family seek dental care? My children and I visit the dentist every six months for a cleaning. We will write a custom essay sample on A Healthy Family: Questionnaire or any similar topic only for you Order Now My husband has cleanings every 3 months due to having soft teeth. How often do family members have bowel movements? Urinate? Me: Varies but once every 2-3 days Husband: Every morning after coffee Son 1: once every 1-2 days Son 2: every2-3 days Daughter: 2-3 times a day All except Son2, urinate every few hours throughout the day and we are able to go 8 hours at night. Son 2 has a bladder like a horse and does not urinate nearly as often. Are laxatives used in your family? Explain. We do not use stimulant laxatives very often, but on occasion Son2 will need pedialax. Mostly we just make it a point to eat a high fiber diet and drink plenty of fluids to stay regular. How does your family relax? Relaxation starts with me and my husband on one couch and the kids the other couch. During this time we are usually reading, writing, playing games or watching TV. Within an hour or two everyone migrates to the couch were my husband and I are sitting and squishes their way in. By this time I have realized that relaxation time is over and I go find something else to do. What does your family do for enjoyment? Mostly we just like to be outside keeping active. Some of our favorite activities are bike riding, hiking, baseball and hockey. When does your family generally go to bed and awaken? Do family member go to bed and awaken at different times? The children start to prepare for bed at 8:00pm by changing into Pjs brushing teeth and getting in their last glass of water or snack before bed. By 8:30pm they are in bed and they are allowed to read until they fall asleep, no more than 30 minutes though. My husband stays up until 10 and I will usually stay up until about 11:00pm. My husband gets up at 5:30am and leaves for work at 6:30. I wake up at 6:30 and start waking the children between 6:50 and 7 am. Do any family members work at night? No Are there any hearing or visual problems that affect your family members? Both my Husband and I are near sighted. I require glasses on a daily bases, but my husband only needs them for long drives when his eyes get tired. Son2 seems to have an issue with tracking, but testing is still being done. Does pain seem to be a family problem? Explain how this is managed? Son2 and I both suffer from migraines. This is managed by taking Exedrine for me or Tylenol for him and going into a dark room to rest. Who makes the major family decisions? How? All major Family decisions are discussed between any members they involve and a decision is usually agreed upon. If a no agreement is made then it is up to me to make the decision. Describe the highest education level of all family members? Me: PN certificate Husband: Associates degree Son1: 5th grade Son2: 1st grade Daughter: 1st grade Describe the general mood of your family? We are generally happy and relaxed people. We like to take life as it comes and we make it a point not to stress over the little things. How does your family deal with change? Like most families there is an adjustment period whenever things change, but we all seem to handle it well. My husband and I try to keep the kids informed of any changes so they know what to expect. Explain your family responsibilities for house hold chores? Each child has a list of six chores in which they are responsible for every day. Each of their chores has a different degree of difficulty depending on their age. The chores can be small like put away your back pack, sneaker and coat when you walk into the house or bigger chores for my 10 year old would include taking out the trash or emptying the dishwasher. My husband and I fill in the gaps of what the kids missed or are not old enough to do. Explain discipline in your family. How are family members rewarded? Describe any aggression or violence that occurs in your family. I am the one that disciplines the children and decides on punishments. A punishment usually includes me revoking privileges or sending them to their room for a period of time. Spankings are not out of the question in my home, but they almost never used or needed. Family members are reward with praise and on occasion a special treat like a movie night or ice cream. The only aggression or violence you will see in my home are my children fighting. I usually let them work it out, but if they are hurting each other or the argument is lasting too long I will step in. Are contraceptives used? Yes Are parents comfortable answering questions and explaining topics related to sexuality to their children? Yes I discuss these thing with my children separately because they are all different ages they require a different degree of explanation. How does your family cope with major stressors? When we are stressed we just like quiet time to think or relax. I often warn people when I come in the door if my day was not good and I just need a few quiet minutes to distress before being asked 100 questions. Who copes with stress the best? That would have to be my husband. He just takes everything as it is and doesn’t really let anything bother him. What does your family want from life? That’s an easy one, to be happy. We don’t have a big house or fancy cars and it is not because we could not afford them if we needed them. We have tried having both parents work full time and we had plenty of money and much nicer cars, but we were always tired and we never spent any time together. We have found that we prefer to work less, have less and spend more time together. That is what makes us happy. What rules do your family hold most important? The one rule that we hold most import in our home is to show respect to everyone. Describe what your family does to try to stay healthy. To try to stay healthy we have a few simple rules in our house. For nutrition you must try everything on your plate before you are done eating. It does not matter if they are carrots and you know that you don’t like them, taste buds change, so maybe you will like them today. Deserts are rare in my house, but when they are offered you are not eligible for dessert unless you finish your dinner, including the vegetables. For exercise we do not have a formal routine, but we encourage outdoor activities as much and as often as possible. Television and game time is limited to one hour per day in our home and the time must be earned. The children receive a ten minute token for each chore that they complete and they can cash their tokens in after there home work has been completed. From whom does your family seek health care? When? My family seeks health care from our family doctor’s office. We receive our well care physicals each year and any immunization due at that time. We will also seek Health care if we have an illness that does not clear up with in a week. We have very few visits to the doctor’s office each year because most illnesses can be treated at home with rest and fluids. How to cite A Healthy Family: Questionnaire, Papers